WEBVTT

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You're listening to Strictly Business
Podcast

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with Lindsay Williams.

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For the first time since the COVID-19
pandemic,

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major central banks,

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including the US and South Africa,

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are cutting interest rates.

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With the global and local rate cutting
cycle now firmly

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underway,

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what are the implications for the SA fixed
income

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investors?

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With me now, Malcolm Charles, Portfolio
Manager,

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Fixed Income at 91 in Cape Town.

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Before you answer that question, please,
Malcolm,

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let me just give a very,

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very brief summary of what's happened in a
very busy

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time.

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Yesterday, that's Wednesday, the U.S.

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Federal Reserve cut interest rates by 50
basis

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points.

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A little bit of a surprise.

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Bank of England, not a surprise.

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They left interest rates unchanged.

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Tell us what happened in South Africa on
Thursday, please.

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Yeah, a bit of good news in line with our
expectations,

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a 25 basis points cut.

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So, yeah, joining the bandwagon.

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of interest rate cuts that the Swiss
actually started.

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We've seen, you say,

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Bank of England kept rates today,

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but they cut at the last meeting.

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And we're in that trend where we're going
to see more

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cuts from all the mentioned central
bankers,

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including ours.

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So the outlook, broadly speaking,

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is pretty positive and good

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relief for economies.

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Yes, broadly speaking, we'll come to that
in a moment.

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But what is the outlook for global and SA
interest rates?

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and inflation.

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Of course,

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it should really be inflation and global
interest

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rates.

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What can we expect if inflation behaves
itself?

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I think you're going to see different sort
of

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outlooks across the regions.

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The US, obviously, that's the big news.

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The 50 basis points we got there,

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we had an inflation scare earlier this
year

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in the first quarter,

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beginning of second quarter that has
dissipated,

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but it hasn't yet.

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So

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Jay Powell was at pains to say that

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The 50 was really just catch up that they
should have

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actually done 25 in July.

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So now they just literally do July and
August.

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They're not panicking.

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This is not like the COVID one where we're
going to get 50,

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50, 50.

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He gave guidance that we can expect
another 25 at

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the next meeting and another 25 closer to

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Christmas.

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So another 50 basis points from the U.S.

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this year.

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The UK is a little bit more tricky.

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Their inflation is a little bit more
sticky,

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and hence the pause this morning.

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They're going to be very slow

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with their cuts, so we expect another cut

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later in the year from the Bank of
England.

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ECB has already cut twice,

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so also going to be a little bit more

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circumspect and prudent,

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as they like to say in central

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bank speak.

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So...

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Yes, we're in a cutting cycle,

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but I think a conservative,

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prudent cutting cycle,

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but broad-based across most

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economies.

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Yeah,

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I was just looking at the Bank of England
statement and the inflation number,

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which came out on Thursday morning,

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2.2% for CPI.

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But the core inflation was

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3.6%.

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Just as a quick aside,

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is there a disparity between

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CPI and core in South Africa or the US,

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if you would?

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In South Africa, thankfully,

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our core inflation is very well behaved.

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The forecast for next year that the SARB

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actually put out is that their core
inflation is actually lower

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than

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CPI for the next three years.

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And more importantly,

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forecast to be below the midpoint of 4.5.

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So it's a very

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encouraging outlook

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for South Africa.

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I would say.

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Relative to targets,

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we're probably a little bit better off
than the

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UK ECB and the US.

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They're all tinkering

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a little bit around their target or a

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little bit above.

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So I would say as far as central bankers
go,

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I think the SOB can be a little bit more
comfortable than the other

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central bankers.

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Yes, indeed.

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The South African CPI rate very

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recently released came in.

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just below the 3% to 6% midpoint,

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came in at 4.4%.

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And although many people might have said
that with such a high

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base, i.e.

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around about 8%,

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it could have been a 50 basis point move,

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but nonetheless, it is very encouraging.

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What are the implications for the South
African economy?

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Because many people say, Malcolm,

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that the South African economy is less

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interest rate sensitive,

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and the consumer is less interest rate
sensitive

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than in other countries.

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Would you agree with that?

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I would because there's been quite a
destruction

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of the consumer in South Africa with lack
of

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employment, etc.

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But I think we are seeing a slight tick
up.

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It's less, but it's not irrelevant.

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So we are going to see benefit

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across the board for the consumer.

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And then, you know, throwing the two pot
as well,

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there's a little bit of extra cash there
that will hopefully go

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towards debt relief.

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But some of it we know will go towards
spending.

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So net-net,

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we expect a little uptick in consumer
spending

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and consumer activity in the economy.

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Very good.

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And that, of course,

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impacts growth because we are very reliant
on the

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consumer in South Africa when it comes to
GDP,

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gross domestic product.

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And what about the RAND?

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The RAND has been behaving itself quite
well recently.

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I think the mistake is we all got into the
habit of, you know,

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the RAND was just this absolute dog of

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a currency.

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But, you know,

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the mistake people make is they forget
that on the flip side,

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it was a hell of a strong dollar.

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For the last 18 months or so,

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the only trading town was the dollar.

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It was probably the best performing
economy in the world.

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On top of that,

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you had aggressive interest rate hikes
from the Fed.

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So the amount of money that flowed home

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as such from investors around the world
was incredible.

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The growth in money market funds alone in
the US

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was about $2 trillion.

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So

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all of that

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money flew there.

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It meant that the dollar was in

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demand and any other currency

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underperformed.

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Since then,

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the dollar is obviously losing a little
bit of shine.

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Interest rates are going to be cut a
little bit more aggressively from the Fed

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than

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from the Reserve Bank.

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So our interest rate differential will
improve.

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So that alone will see stability in the
currency.

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So I think we must get used to a more
stable

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RAND dollar exchange rate for the quarters
and months

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ahead.

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However...

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I was looking at the terms of trade as
well.

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So that's the stuff that we export divided
by the stuff that we

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import.

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Yes.

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And we're back at 2021-22 levels when the

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RAND was around

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1625.

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So, you know,

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don't be surprised if you don't see a

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stable to slightly firmer RAND over the
next six

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to nine months.

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Gosh, that would be wonderful in many
ways.

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Stability, of course, being the key,

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whether it's stronger or weaker,

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stability very much the key.

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The South African economy.

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And with a backdrop of the government of
national

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unity, has it stabilized?

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I've mentioned that word stable.

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Has the economy stabilized and will it
continue to do

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so or even grow,

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albeit at a modest pace?

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Very good question, Lindsay.

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And the quick answer is, yes,

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we have seen improvement.

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We've seen consumer confidence.

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We've seen business confidence tick up.

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All the early indicators are looking very

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positive.

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The engagements we have with various

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industry leaders,

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it's the most encouraged I can say that
they've been in probably eight to ten

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years.

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When they look at the outlook and they
look at the quality of

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engagement with state-owned enterprises
and with government

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bodies, etc.

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And we know that that all

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leads to investment in the economy,

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which we desperately need.

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And the one example we saw...

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If we get more reforms like we did with
the electricity and the

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solar, etc., that led to

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70, 80 billion rand invested in the
economy.

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And load shedding, our joke is,

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what is load shedding when it was becoming
a way of

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life?

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So if we can see that across other
sectors,

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I think we'll see a tick up in growth.

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So already the numbers that

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people are forecasting are a lot better

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than we've got used to.

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But if we see a reform sort of

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bonus on top of that,

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we can see meaningful growth next year and
the

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year after.

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Very encouraging.

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Now you've got to put on your portfolio
manager's hat.

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And I must say, you're very bad at
disguising your feelings,

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Malcolm, because I can sense an enthusiasm

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after what's happened in the last few
hours in

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South Africa.

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What is the impact on SAE fixed income

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investments?

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I mean, for example, the positioning.

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of the 91 Diversified Income Fund.

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Yeah, Lindsay, so it's been a great three,

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four months.

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So we started the year like really on a
bad

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note.

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There was political fears.

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There was inflation fears globally.

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And everything was like mucky and messy.

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Since then, the stars have started
aligning.

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So the government and national unity are
in place.

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Good reforms, good momentum coming from
that.

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At the same time that inflation is coming
down,

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the same time interest rates are coming
down.

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So for the first time in 10 to 15 years,

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South Africa is aligned with the global
economic

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cycle.

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So it's not something I'm used to

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in recent history, so it's really
encouraging.

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So the portfolio has been exceptionally
well

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positioned through the cycle.

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Going forward, it's still good,

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although quite a bit is in the price.

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So we've taken a little bit of risk off,
but we remain constructive.

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00:09:58.001 --> 00:10:00.802
So on the bond side, we remain overweight.

271
00:10:01.303 --> 00:10:04.184
We've slightly reduced a

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00:10:04.204 --> 00:10:06.546
bit of it just in case there's a little
bit of

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00:10:06.966 --> 00:10:09.587
nervousness around the rate cuts and

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00:10:09.927 --> 00:10:11.927
sort of questioning, has the Fed done too
much?

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00:10:12.089 --> 00:10:14.270
But any sell-off, we will go back into the
market.

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00:10:14.410 --> 00:10:16.410
But I reiterate,

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00:10:15.550 --> 00:10:18.512
we remain very constructive on the bond
market

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00:10:18.552 --> 00:10:20.552
going forward.

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00:10:20.053 --> 00:10:22.053
On the credit side,

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00:10:21.414 --> 00:10:23.875
there's still a decent yield there.

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00:10:24.495 --> 00:10:26.495
albeit there's not much supply of it.

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00:10:26.476 --> 00:10:29.056
So we sit in sort of more neutral credit

283
00:10:30.077 --> 00:10:32.077
at the moment.

284
00:10:30.917 --> 00:10:33.618
And that's purely because the pricing is a
little bit expensive.

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00:10:34.298 --> 00:10:36.298
Property, we remain constructive.

286
00:10:36.218 --> 00:10:38.218
We like that.

287
00:10:37.839 --> 00:10:40.480
And in light of our conversation earlier
on the

288
00:10:40.540 --> 00:10:43.320
rant, that's probably the least amount of
dollars we've ever had.

289
00:10:43.360 --> 00:10:46.261
We've got around 1.5% dollars,

290
00:10:46.361 --> 00:10:48.361
just as a little bit of a hedge,

291
00:10:47.942 --> 00:10:50.823
because we do know that we've got
elections coming up

292
00:10:50.843 --> 00:10:52.843
in the US.

293
00:10:51.623 --> 00:10:53.623
There is that.

294
00:10:52.443 --> 00:10:55.325
That uncertainty in the Middle East is a
Russian-Ukraine war

295
00:10:55.386 --> 00:10:57.607
that everyone seems to have forgotten
about it.

296
00:10:57.908 --> 00:11:00.650
So you need some sort of protection for a

297
00:11:00.670 --> 00:11:02.670
global event.

298
00:11:01.431 --> 00:11:04.413
But a constructive sort of outlook in the

299
00:11:04.453 --> 00:11:07.396
portfolio will be taking a little bit of
risk off in

300
00:11:07.376 --> 00:11:09.376
the last couple of weeks.

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00:11:09.117 --> 00:11:11.117
Let's look forward a year.

302
00:11:10.018 --> 00:11:12.018
Are you going to beat cash?

303
00:11:12.260 --> 00:11:14.260
Yes.

304
00:11:12.580 --> 00:11:14.580
I mean,

305
00:11:15.203 --> 00:11:17.203
it's an interesting time.

306
00:11:16.664 --> 00:11:18.664
But, you know,

307
00:11:17.284 --> 00:11:20.187
the way we do it is we look at cash is
going to be lower.

308
00:11:21.867 --> 00:11:23.867
As of midnight tonight,

309
00:11:23.508 --> 00:11:26.249
it drops 25% as we discussed.

310
00:11:26.369 --> 00:11:28.450
November, it'll drop another 25%.

311
00:11:28.490 --> 00:11:30.490
January, another 25%.

312
00:11:30.151 --> 00:11:33.072
So your lovely cash returns are going to
be a

313
00:11:33.092 --> 00:11:35.833
little bit less sexy for a while

314
00:11:36.453 --> 00:11:38.453
as we go into the cycle.

315
00:11:38.974 --> 00:11:41.736
Our portfolio currently yielding about

316
00:11:42.256 --> 00:11:44.537
10.10%, so comfortably above cash.

317
00:11:45.297 --> 00:11:48.138
And with the outlook that we see for South
Africa,

318
00:11:48.178 --> 00:11:50.178
we're pretty confident that

319
00:11:50.023 --> 00:11:52.685
Not only should we earn a decent

320
00:11:52.805 --> 00:11:54.805
yield,

321
00:11:54.105 --> 00:11:56.267
there's opportunity out there to actually

322
00:11:56.327 --> 00:11:59.148
participate and get a little bit of
capital uplift

323
00:12:00.249 --> 00:12:02.249
in the six months to 12 months ahead.

324
00:12:03.151 --> 00:12:05.652
Malcolm, your confidence is very evident.

325
00:12:05.692 --> 00:12:07.692
Thank you so much for your time.

326
00:12:06.713 --> 00:12:08.713
Malcolm Charles is a portfolio manager,

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00:12:08.414 --> 00:12:10.955
fixed income at 91 in Cape Town.

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00:12:11.996 --> 00:12:14.757
The views and opinions expressed in these
podcasts are those of

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00:12:14.817 --> 00:12:17.339
Lindsay Williams and various contributors.

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00:12:17.619 --> 00:12:19.619
and do not reflect the policy, position,

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00:12:20.001 --> 00:12:22.682
or opinion of any other agency,
organization,

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00:12:23.003 --> 00:12:25.885
employer, or company associated with

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00:12:25.925 --> 00:12:27.925
StrictlyBusinessPodcast.com.

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00:12:28.106 --> 00:12:30.548
Assumptions made on the analyses are not

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00:12:30.668 --> 00:12:33.610
reflective of the position of any other
entity other

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00:12:33.650 --> 00:12:35.650
than the speaker or the author.

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00:12:35.371 --> 00:12:37.873
And since we are critically thinking human
beings,

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these views are always subject to change,

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00:12:40.855 --> 00:12:43.417
revision, and rethinking at any time.

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Please do not hold us to them in
perpetuity.
